建筑学专业英语词汇(推荐3篇)
建筑学专业英语词汇 篇一
Architecture Vocabulary
Architecture is a field that encompasses the design, planning, and construction of buildings and other structures. It requires a comprehensive understanding of various concepts and terminology. In this article, we will explore some essential vocabulary used in the field of architecture.
1. Architecture: The art and science of designing and constructing buildings.
2. Blueprint: A detailed plan or drawing that outlines the specifications of a building or structure.
3. Structure: The arrangement and organization of parts and elements within a building.
4. Foundation: The base or support system upon which a building is constructed.
5. Fa?ade: The exterior face of a building.
6. Floor plan: A diagram that shows the layout and arrangement of rooms on a single floor of a building.
7. Elevation: A drawing that shows the vertical view of a building's exterior.
8. Roof: The top covering of a building that protects it from the elements.
9. Column: A vertical structural element that supports the weight of a building.
10. Beam: A horizontal structural element that carries the weight of a building.
11. Arch: A curved structural element that spans an open space.
12. Staircase: A series of steps that provides access between different levels of a building.
13. Balcony: A platform that extends from a building, usually at an upper level, and is enclosed by a railing.
14. Atrium: An open space within a building that is often used as a courtyard.
15. Skyscraper: A tall building with multiple floors.
16. Green building: A structure that is designed and constructed with environmentally friendly materials and practices.
17. Sustainable design: The practice of designing buildings that minimize negative environmental impact.
18. Urban planning: The process of designing and organizing cities, towns, and other urban areas.
19. Landscape architecture: The design and planning of outdoor spaces, such as parks and gardens.
20. Building code: A set of regulations and standards that govern the design and construction of buildings.
Understanding these architectural terms is crucial for students studying architecture. It allows them to effectively communicate and comprehend design plans and concepts. Moreover, it enables architects to collaborate with other professionals in the construction industry.
In conclusion, architecture is a complex field that requires a deep knowledge of various concepts and vocabulary. The terms mentioned in this article provide a foundation for understanding and discussing architectural designs and structures. Whether you are a student of architecture or someone interested in the field, familiarizing yourself with these terms will enhance your understanding and appreciation of the built environment.
建筑学专业英语词汇 篇二
Sustainable Architecture: Designing for the Future
Sustainable architecture is a growing trend in the field of design and construction. As the world faces environmental challenges, architects are tasked with creating buildings that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also environmentally friendly. In this article, we will explore the concept of sustainable architecture and its importance in creating a greener future.
Sustainable architecture, also known as green architecture or eco-architecture, focuses on reducing the negative impact of buildings on the environment. It seeks to minimize energy consumption, conserve natural resources, and create healthier living environments. Here are some key principles of sustainable architecture:
1. Energy efficiency: Sustainable buildings are designed to maximize energy efficiency by reducing energy consumption and utilizing renewable energy sources. This includes using energy-efficient appliances, insulation materials, and incorporating renewable energy systems such as solar panels.
2. Water conservation: Sustainable architecture aims to minimize water usage through efficient plumbing systems, rainwater harvesting, and the use of water-saving fixtures. This helps to reduce the strain on local water resources and promotes water sustainability.
3. Material selection: Sustainable architects prioritize the use of environmentally friendly materials, such as recycled or locally sourced materials, that have a lower carbon footprint. This reduces the environmental impact associated with the extraction and transportation of materials.
4. Passive design: Passive design strategies, such as proper building orientation, natural ventilation, and daylighting, are used to optimize the building's performance without relying heavily on mechanical systems. This reduces energy consumption and promotes occupant comfort.
5. Waste reduction: Sustainable architecture aims to minimize waste generation during the construction and operation of buildings. This includes recycling construction materials, implementing waste management systems, and promoting the use of durable and long-lasting materials.
Sustainable architecture not only benefits the environment but also the occupants of the building. Green buildings often provide improved indoor air quality, natural lighting, and thermal comfort, leading to better health and well-being for the occupants.
As the demand for sustainable buildings continues to rise, architects play a crucial role in designing for a greener future. By incorporating sustainable principles into their designs, architects can contribute to reducing carbon emissions, conserving resources, and creating more resilient communities.
In conclusion, sustainable architecture is an important approach to designing buildings that are environmentally friendly and socially responsible. By embracing sustainable design principles, architects can help shape a future where buildings are not only visually appealing but also contribute to a healthier and more sustainable planet.
建筑学专业英语词汇 篇三
建筑学专业英语词汇
facing and plastering materials 饰面及粉刷材料
水刷石 granitic plaster
斩假石 artificial stone
刷浆 lime wash
可赛银 casein
大白浆 white wash
麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base
喷大白浆两道 sprayed twice with white wash
分格抹水泥砂浆 cement mortar plaster sectioned
板条抹灰 lath and plaster
asphalt(bitumen) and asbestos 沥青和石棉
沥青卷材 asphalt felt
沥青填料 asphalt filler
沥青胶泥 asphalt grout
冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer
沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic
沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum
石棉板 asbestos sheet
石棉纤维 asbestos fiber
timber 木材
裂缝 crack
透裂 split
环裂 shake
干缩 shrinkage
翘曲 warping
原木 log
圆木 round timber
方木 square timber
板材 plank
木条 batten
板条 lath
木板 board
红松 red pine
白松 white pine
落叶松 deciduous pine
云杉 spruce
柏木 cypress
白杨 white poplar
桦木 birch
冷杉 fir
栎木 oak
榴木 willow
榆木 elm
杉木 cedar
柚木 teak
樟木 camphor wood
防腐处理的木材 preservative-treated lumber
胶合板 plywood
三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood
企口板 tongued and grooved board
层夹板 laminated plank
胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated lumber
纤维板 fiber-board
竹子 bamboo
metallic materials 金属材料
黑色金属 ferrous metal
圆钢 steelbbar
方钢 square steel
扁钢 steel strap,flat steel
型钢 steel section (shape)
槽钢 channel
角钢 angle steel
等边角钢 equal-leg angle
不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle
工字钢 i-beam
宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange i-beam
丁( 之)字钢 t-bar (z-bar)
冷弯薄壁型钢 light gauge cold-formed steel shape
热轧 hot-rolled
冷轧 cold-rolled
冷拉 cold-drawn
冷压 cold-pressed
合金钢 alloy steel
钛合金 titanium alloy
不锈钢 stainless steel
竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar
变形钢筋 deformed bar
光圆钢筋 plain round bar
钢板 steel plate
薄钢板 thin steel plate
低碳钢 low carbon steel
冷弯 cold bending
钢管 steel pipe (tube)
无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe
焊接钢管 welded steel pipe
黑铁管 iron pipe
镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe
铸铁 cast iron
生铁 pig iron
熟铁 wrought iron
镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet
镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire
钢丝网 steel wire mesh
多孔金属网 expanded metal
锰钢 managanese steel
高强度合金钢 high strength alloy steel
non-ferrous metal 有色金属
金 gold
白金 platinum
铜 copper
黄铜 brass
青铜 bronze
银 silver
铝 aluminum
铅 lead
anti-corrosion materials 防腐蚀材料
聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene
尼龙 nylon
聚氯乙烯 pvc (polyvinyl chloride)
聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate
聚苯乙烯 polystyrene
丙烯酸树酯 acrylic resin
乙烯基酯 vinyl ester
橡胶内衬 rubber lining
氯丁橡胶 neoprene
沥青漆 bitumen paint
环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint
氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer
防锈漆 anti-rust paint
耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint
耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint
水玻璃 sodium silicate
树脂砂浆 resin-bonded mortar
环氧树脂 epoxy resin
building hardware 建筑五金
钉子 nails
螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail
环纹石膏板钉 annular-ring gypsum board nail
螺丝 screws
平头螺丝 flat-head screw
螺栓 bolt
普通螺栓 commercial bolt
高强螺栓 high strength bolt
预埋螺栓 insert bolt
胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt
垫片 washer
paint 油漆
底漆 primer
防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer
防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint
调和漆 mixed paint
无光漆 flat paint
透明漆 varnish
银粉漆 aluminum paint
磁漆 enamel paint
干性油 drying oil
稀释剂 thinner
焦油 tar
沥青漆 asphalt paint
桐油 tung oil, chinese wood oil
红丹 red lead
铅油 lead oil
腻子 putty
k. other architectural terms 其它建筑术语
discipline 专业
建筑 architecture
土木 civil
给排水 water supply and drainage
总图 plot plan
采暖通风 h.v.a.c (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)
电力供应 electric power supply
电气照明 electric lighting
电讯 telecommunication
仪表 instrument
热力供应 heat power supply
动力 mechanical power
工艺 process technology
管道 piping
conventional terms 一般通用名词
建筑原理 architectonics
建筑形式 architectural style
民用建筑 civil architecture
城市建筑 urban architecture
农村建筑 rural architecture
农业建筑 farm building
工业建筑 industrial building
重工业的. heavy industrial
轻工业的 light industrial
古代建筑 ancient architecture
现代建筑 modern architecture
标准化建筑 standardized buildings
附属建筑 auxiliary buildings
城市规划 city planning
厂区内 within site
厂区外 offsite
封闭式 closed type
开敞式 open type
半开敞式 semi-open type
模数制 modular system
单位造价 unit cost
概算 prel
承包商 constructor, contractor
现场 site
扩建 extension
改建 reconstruction
防火 fire-prevention
防震 aseismatic, quake-proof
防腐 anti-corrosion
防潮 dump-proof
防水 water-proof
防尘 dust-proof
防锈 rust-proof
车流量 traffic volume
货流量 freight traffic volume
