建筑专业用语英语词汇【通用3篇】
建筑专业用语英语词汇 篇一
Introduction to Architectural Terms in English
Architecture is a field that involves the design, planning, and construction of buildings and structures. To effectively communicate and understand architectural concepts, it is essential to have a good grasp of architectural terms in English. In this article, we will explore some common architectural terms and their meanings.
1. Architectural Styles:
- Classical: Refers to the architectural style inspired by the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, characterized by symmetry, proportion, and ornate details.
- Gothic: An architectural style prevalent in the Middle Ages, featuring pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses.
- Modernist: A style that emerged in the early 20th century, emphasizing simplicity, functionality, and the use of new materials such as glass and steel.
2. Structural Elements:
- Foundation: The lowest part of a building that supports the weight of the structure and transfers it to the ground.
- Beam: A horizontal structural element that carries the load from the walls or columns and transfers it to the supporting elements.
- Column: A vertical structural element that supports the weight of the structure above it.
3. Building Components:
- Roof: The uppermost covering of a building that protects it from weather elements.
- Wall: A vertical structure that encloses and divides the space within a building.
- Floor: The surface of a room on which people walk.
4. Architectural Features:
- Arch: A curved structural element that spans an opening and supports the weight above it.
- Dome: A rounded vault forming the roof of a building or a part of it.
- Balcony: A platform projecting from the wall of a building, enclosed by a railing or balustrade.
5. Materials and Finishes:
- Concrete: A composite material made of cement, aggregates, water, and often reinforced with steel, commonly used in construction.
- Brick: A rectangular block made of clay or concrete that is used as a building material.
- Tile: A thin slab of baked clay or other material used for covering surfaces such as floors or walls.
In conclusion, understanding architectural terms in English is crucial for effective communication in the field of architecture. This article has provided an introduction to some common architectural terms, including architectural styles, structural elements, building components, architectural features, and materials and finishes. By familiarizing ourselves with these terms, we can better appreciate and discuss the world of architecture.
建筑专业用语英语词汇 篇二
An Overview of Architectural Terminology in English
Architecture is a discipline that encompasses the design, planning, and construction of buildings and structures. To effectively communicate and understand architectural concepts, it is essential to have a good grasp of architectural terminology in English. In this article, we will explore some key architectural terms and their meanings.
1. Architectural Styles:
- Renaissance: A style that emerged in Europe during the 14th to 17th centuries, characterized by a revival of classical forms and motifs.
- Art Deco: A style that flourished in the 1920s and 1930s, known for its geometric shapes, bold colors, and decorative details.
- Postmodern: A style that emerged in the late 20th century, characterized by the combination of various architectural elements and the rejection of modernist principles.
2. Structural Elements:
- Truss: A framework of beams or bars used to support a roof or bridge.
- Foundation: The lowest part of a building that provides a stable base and transfers the weight of the structure to the ground.
- Load-bearing wall: A wall that carries the weight of the structure above it.
3. Building Components:
- Facade: The principal front of a building that faces the street or an important public space.
- Staircase: A series of steps that allows people to move between different levels or floors within a building.
- Balustrade: A row of small posts or columns topped by a rail, used as a safety barrier on balconies, staircases, or terraces.
4. Architectural Features:
- Cupola: A small dome-like structure that sits on top of a roof.
- Portico: A covered entrance to a building, supported by columns and often with a pediment.
- Skylight: A window or opening in a roof that allows natural light to enter a building.
5. Materials and Finishes:
- Glass: A transparent or translucent material used for windows, facades, and other architectural elements.
- Steel: A strong and flexible metal commonly used in construction for its structural properties.
- Plaster: A mixture of lime, sand, and water used to cover walls and ceilings.
In conclusion, having a solid understanding of architectural terminology in English is essential for effective communication and collaboration in the field of architecture. This article has provided an overview of some key architectural terms, including architectural styles, structural elements, building components, architectural features, and materials and finishes. By familiarizing ourselves with these terms, we can enhance our ability to discuss, analyze, and appreciate the world of architecture.
建筑专业用语英语词汇 篇三
建筑专业用语英语词汇大全
建筑专业主要学习的内容是通过对一块空白场地的`分析，同时依据其建筑对房间功能的要求，建筑的类型，建筑建造所用的技术及材料等，对建筑物从平面，外观立面及其内外部空间进行从无到有的设计。以下是yjbys为大家分享的建筑专业用语英语词汇大全，快来收藏吧。
环境设计：environmental design
环境标准：environmental standards
能源保护： energy conservation
基础设施：infrastructure
主干道： arterial road
辅助道路：collector street
快速干道：freeway
林荫公路：parkway
居住面积密度：density of living floor area
居住建筑面积密度：density of residential floor area
居住人口密度： density of registered inhabitants
人口密度： population density
人口分布：population distribution
人口机械增长：population growth from migration
居住密度： residential density
高层高密度：high-rise/high density
高层低密度： high-rise/low density
建筑面积比容积率： FAR - floor area ratio
居住建筑面积：residential floor area
建筑高度：building height
建筑红线：building line
城市设计：urban design
城市景观： cityscape
天际线：skyline
空间布局：space planning
城市网络：urban network
临街面： frontage
历史文化名城保护：conservation of historic cultural cities
古建筑保护：conservation of historic buildings
文物古迹保护：conservation of historic landmarks and sites
历史性建筑保护：historic preservation
风景名胜保护： conservation of scenic spots
历史性市区：historic district
绿 带：greenbelt
城市规划：urban planning
总体规划：comprehensive planning
详细规划：detailed planning
城市分区规划：city district planning
功能规划：functional planning
住房建设规划：housing program
实体规划：physical planning
城市性质：designated function of a city
竖向规划：site engineering
国土规划：territorial planning
建设场地规划： site planning
城市人防规划：civil defense planning
城市防灾规划：disaster pl
城市抗震规划：seismic planning
临界分析(门槛理论)：threshold analysis
用地平衡：land use banlance
土地使用控制：land use controls
土地利用规划图：land use plan
土地利用调查：land use survey
城市用地评价： land use assessment
城市规模：city size
商业网点： commercial network
城市改造：urban redevelopment
地形测量：topographic survey
区位理论：location theory
可持续发展： sustainable development
混凝土：concrete
钢筋：reinforcing steel bar
钢筋混凝土：reinforced concrete(rc)
钢筋混凝土结构：reinforced concrete structure
板式楼梯：cranked slab stairs
刚度：rigidity
徐变：creep
水泥：cement
钢筋保护层：cover to reinforcement
梁：beam
柱：column
板：slab
剪力墙：shear wall
基础：foundation
加载：loading
抗压强度：compressive strength
抗弯强度：bending strength
抗扭强度：torsional strength
