与肿瘤相关的英语词汇【经典3篇】

与肿瘤相关的英语词汇 篇一

Tumors are abnormal growths of cells that can occur in any part of the body. They can be benign, meaning non-cancerous, or malignant, meaning cancerous. In this article, we will explore some of the key English vocabulary related to tumors.

1. Cancer: A disease in which abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and destroy body tissues. Cancer can spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system.

2. Tumor: An abnormal mass of tissue formed by an accumulation of cells. Tumors can be either benign or malignant.

3. Benign: Not cancerous. Benign tumors do not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. They can usually be removed and do not usually grow back.

4. Malignant: Cancerous. Malignant tumors invade nearby tissues and can spread to other parts of the body. They can be life-threatening if not treated.

5. Metastasis: The spread of cancer from one part of the body to another. Cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and travel through the bloodstream or lymphatic system to form new tumors in other parts of the body.

6. Carcinoma: A type of cancer that starts in cells that make up the skin or the lining of organs, such as the lungs, breasts, or pancreas.

7. Sarcoma: A type of cancer that starts in the connective tissues, such as bones, muscles, or blood vessels.

8. Oncologist: A doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

9. Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be given orally or through injections and can be used to treat both localized and metastatic cancer.

10. Radiation therapy: The use of high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be delivered externally or internally, depending on the type and location of the tumor.

11. Surgery: A medical procedure to remove a tumor or a part of the body affected by cancer. Surgery can be curative, palliative, or diagnostic.

12. Palliative care: Care aimed at providing relief from symptoms and improving the quality of life for patients with advanced or terminal cancer. Palliative care focuses on managing pain, reducing side effects of treatment, and addressing emotional and spiritual needs.

13. Clinical trial: A research study that tests new treatments or procedures for cancer. Clinical trials are essential for advancing cancer treatment and improving patient outcomes.

14. Remission: A period of time when the signs and symptoms of cancer are reduced or disappear. Remission can be partial or complete, and it can be temporary or permanent.

15. Survivorship: The stage of living with, through, and beyond cancer. Survivorship includes the physical, emotional, and psychosocial aspects of cancer care, from diagnosis through the remainder of life.

Understanding these key terms can help individuals navigate conversations about tumors and cancer. It is important to consult with medical professionals for accurate information and personalized guidance when dealing with cancer-related concerns.

与肿瘤相关的英语词汇 篇二

Cancer is a complex disease with its own unique vocabulary. In this article, we will explore more English vocabulary related to cancer and its treatment.

1. Biopsy: The removal and examination of a sample of tissue to determine if it is cancerous. A biopsy can be performed through various techniques, such as needle biopsy or surgical biopsy.

2. Oncogene: A gene that has the potential to cause cancer. Mutations or changes in oncogenes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of tumors.

3. Tumor marker: Substances found in the blood, urine, or body tissues that may indicate the presence of cancer. Tumor markers can be used for cancer screening, diagnosis, and monitoring treatment.

4. Immunotherapy: Treatment that uses the body's immune system to fight cancer. Immunotherapy can stimulate the immune system or provide antibodies to target cancer cells.

5. Precision medicine: An approach to cancer treatment that takes into account an individual's genetic makeup, lifestyle, and environment. Precision medicine aims to deliver personalized treatments that are more effective and have fewer side effects.

6. Targeted therapy: Treatment that specifically targets cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. Targeted therapy drugs can block the growth and spread of cancer by interfering with specific molecules involved in tumor growth.

7. Hormone therapy: Treatment that alters hormone levels to slow down or stop the growth of hormone-sensitive tumors. Hormone therapy is commonly used in the treatment of breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers.

8. Palliative care: Care aimed at providing relief from symptoms and improving the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses, including cancer. Palliative care focuses on managing pain, controlling symptoms, and addressing emotional and psychological needs.

9. Survivorship care: Ongoing medical and psychosocial support for cancer survivors. Survivorship care includes monitoring for cancer recurrence, managing long-term side effects of treatment, and promoting overall wellness.

10. Support group: A gathering of individuals who share a common experience, such as a cancer diagnosis. Support groups provide emotional support, information, and a sense of community for cancer patients, survivors, and their loved ones.

11. Clinical trial: A research study that tests new medical treatments, interventions, or procedures. Clinical trials are crucial for discovering new cancer therapies and improving patient outcomes.

12. Genetic counseling: A process that helps individuals understand their risk of developing cancer based on their family history and genetic testing. Genetic counseling can assist in making informed decisions about cancer prevention, screening, and treatment.

13. Metastasectomy: Surgical removal of metastatic tumors. Metastasectomy can be performed to control symptoms, improve quality of life, or potentially cure certain cancers.

14. Adjuvant therapy: Additional treatment given after the primary treatment, such as surgery, to kill any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence. Adjuvant therapy can include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy.

15. Prognosis: The likely outcome or course of a disease, including the chances of recovery or recurrence. Prognosis is influenced by various factors, such as the type and stage of cancer, response to treatment, and overall health of the patient.

By familiarizing oneself with these cancer-related terms, individuals can better understand the disease, its treatment options, and support services available. It is important to consult with healthcare professionals for accurate information and personalized guidance when dealing with cancer.

与肿瘤相关的英语词汇 篇三

与肿瘤相关的英语词汇

　　oma 良性肿瘤

　　osteosarcoma 硬骨: 骨肉瘤

　　poorly differentiated 分化不良

　　prostate-specific antigen; PSA 前列腺特异性抗原

　　prostatic acid phosphatase; PAP 前列腺酸性磷酸

　　renal cell carcinoma 肾脏上皮: 肾细胞癌

　　rhabdomyosarcoma 横纹肌: 横纹肌肉瘤

　　sarcoma 恶性间叶肿瘤

　　seminoma 生殖细胞: 精细胞瘤

　　severe dysplasia 重度异生

　　squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状上皮: 鳞状细胞癌

　　stage 期别

　　synovial sarcoma 滑膜: 滑膜肉瘤

　　thymic carcinoma 胸腺上皮: 胸腺癌

　　transitional cell carcinoma 泌尿道上皮: 过渡细胞癌

　　tumor marker 临床检验: 含肿瘤标记

　　undifferentiated 未分化

　　well differentiated 分化良好

　　melanoma 癌症 黑素瘤

　　renaleelI 肾细胞癌

　　ova-rian 卵巢癌

　　neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤

　　cerebroma 脑瘤

　　lung cancer 肺癌

　　hepatoma ;liver cance

　　breast carcinoma 乳腺癌

　　colon cancer 结肠癌

　　prostatic csarcinoma 前列腺癌

　　mesothelioma 间皮瘤

　　leukemia 自细胞瘤

　　lymphoma 淋巴肉瘤

　　multiple myeIoma 多发性骨髓瘤

　　SCID 严重复合免疫缺失症

　　Cysticfibrosis 囊性纤维变性

　　家族性脾性贫血 Gaucher's病

　　Familialhypercholesterolemia 家族性胆固醇过多症

　　HemophiIia 血友病

　　Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency 嫖吟核苦酸磷酸酸缺乏症

　　Alpha- Iantitrypsin deficiency a-抗甲状腺素缺乏症

　　Fanconi sanemia Fanconi's贫血症

　　Hunter'ssyndrome 亨特氏综合症